Optimizing Intracortical Microstimulation: Addressing Perceptual Fading through Inhibition, Metabolic Stress Reduction, and Gliomodulation Takashi Kozai, PhDAssociate ProfessorDepartment of BioengineeringUniversity of Pittsburgh Abstract:Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) offers promising applications in neuroprosthetics by providing direct modulation of neural circuits. However, long-term ICMS effectiveness is limited by perceptual fading, a phenomenon where neural responses decrease with repeated stimulation. This...